The Ministry of Education (MOE) in Singapore has introduced a significant shift in the secondary education system by implementing Full Subject-Based Banding (Full SBB). This reform, rolled out fully in 2024, marks the end of traditional academic streaming—Express, Normal (Academic), and Normal (Technical)—and ushers in a more inclusive and flexible framework designed to accommodate diverse learning needs and interests.
What is Full Subject-Based Banding?
Full Subject-Based Banding redefines how students progress academically in secondary school. Instead of being confined to fixed academic streams, students will now be categorized into Posting Groups based on their Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) scores. These Posting Groups guide initial subject choices but do not limit students’ overall secondary school experience. The system emphasizes flexibility, allowing students to select subjects at varying difficulty levels according to their strengths and interests.
Key Changes Introduced
One of the most groundbreaking changes is the abolition of academic streaming. Beginning in 2024, students will no longer be labeled as part of the Express, Normal (Academic), or Normal (Technical) streams. Instead, they will join mixed form classes, fostering interaction among peers with different strengths and backgrounds.
Under Full SBB, students can choose subjects at three levels—General 1 (G1), General 2 (G2), and General 3 (G3)—based on their capabilities.
Initial Subject Offerings
Subject Levels
Upon entering Secondary 1, students will have the opportunity to take subjects at various levels, categorized as:
- G1: Equivalent to the current Normal (Technical) level.
- G2: Equivalent to the current Normal (Academic) level.
- G3: Equivalent to the current Express level.
Understanding Posting Groups
Students are assigned to one of three Posting Groups based on their PSLE scores:
- Posting Group 1 corresponds to the former Express stream ( PSLE scores between 26 and 30 points).
- Posting Group 2 aligns with the Normal (Academic) stream(PSLE scores between 21 and 25 points).
- Posting Group 3 represents the Normal (Technical) stream(PSLE scores between 4 and 20 points).
These groups are not rigid labels but starting points that guide initial subject offerings. For instance, a student from Posting Group 3 may start with G1 subjects but can progress to G2 or even G3 in areas where they demonstrate aptitude.
Flexibility and Progression
The Full SBB system allows students to move between subject levels, fostering a personalized learning journey. Progression decisions are guided by class teachers, who evaluate students’ performance using a combination of monthly tests, project work, and end-of-year exams. Holistic factors like class participation, learning attitude, and effort are also considered, ensuring that decisions are tailored to each student’s unique abilities.
This dynamic approach encourages students to pursue subjects they are passionate about while receiving the support they need to excel.
Impact on Student Experience
The introduction of mixed form classes is a significant departure from the previous system. These classes combine students from all three Posting Groups, promoting diversity and reducing stigma associated with lower academic streams. Core subjects like Mathematics, Science, and English are taught based on subject levels, while common curriculum subjects such as Art, Music, and Physical Education bring all students together, fostering collaboration and inclusivity.
By 2027, students under Full SBB will sit for a common national examination, replacing the GCE O-Level and N-Level exams. This unified assessment underscores the commitment to an equitable education system that minimizes academic labeling.
A Holistic Approach to Education
Full Subject-Based Banding (Full SBB) represents a transformative step toward achieving a truly holistic education system. By moving away from rigid academic streams and embracing flexibility, it recognizes that every student has unique strengths, interests, and learning needs. The introduction of mixed form classes promotes inclusivity and collaboration, breaking down stereotypes and fostering mutual respect among peers with diverse abilities.
Through its emphasis on personalized learning paths, Full SBB encourages students to explore their passions and excel in subjects that align with their talents. The system’s flexibility allows students to grow at their own pace, while holistic assessment methods ensure that their overall development—not just their academic performance—is considered.
This approach equips students not only with academic knowledge but also with the social skills, adaptability, and confidence required to thrive in a rapidly evolving world. By nurturing the potential of every child, Full SBB is a bold step forward in creating a more equitable, inclusive, and future-ready education system.